A Celanian Paradigm for Thought
Are these paths only roundabout ways, detours from you to you? But they are also, among how many others, paths on which language becomes voice-able. They are encounters, a voice’s paths to a perceiving You. Creaturely paths, projects for existence perhaps, a ‘sending oneself out of oneself’ to oneself, in search of oneself… A kind of homecoming. –Paul Celan [1]
I
I would like briefly to contrast two paradigms of philosophical exchange. I leave aside the content and focus on the form.
The first is the advancement and defense of positions, the contestation of ideas and interpretations, the debate between commitments and belief systems. The second is the conversation of thought in friendship. I acknowledge the immense simplification required to entertain this opposition; my intention is only to bring a certain fundamental option to light.
The battle of positions tends to reproduce the friend/enemy distinction. It relies on the opposition of ‘this side’ versus ‘that side’. It fosters the partisan attitudes of atheist vs believer, liberal vs communist, etc. This can be the case even if the rules of empathy and respect are obeyed. The goal remains the triumph of one truth over another—the triumph of a truth as articulated, for the truth supposed to win is not usually meant to change in the course of the debate; rather, its aim is to strengthen itself and to successfully recommend its adoption.
In what follows, I do not wish to diminish the fruitfulness or even the necessity of these battles, only to indicate a process that can occur in parallel to it and may perhaps suspend some of its protocols. The conversation of thought in friendship still involves the antagonism of positions, because without this antagonism there would be nothing to exchange. However, emphasis on frontal confrontation recedes in favor of an encounter of faces in the Levinasian sense. The model here is one of reading and thinking together on an ‘unknown horizon’. Its political outcome is not the victorious party but friendship.
Because I feel I can assume familiarity with the first option, I will dwell on the second—which, indeed, I recommend we adopt more wholeheartedly.